Despite the fact that progress does not stop, everything in the world is being modernized and renewed, people have not learned how to defeat helminths. They did not decrease even after new and effective drugs.
Each of the 250 parasites known to humanity in its own way adversely affects people's health, causing various diseases with symptoms peculiar only to them.
Classification
To make dealing with these parasites at least a little easier, people have taken on their study. There are several types of worms with similar characteristics and external data.
The first type includes nematodes. The second combines flat worms, which include tapeworms and flukes.
The worms are:
- Contact;
- biohelminthic;
- geoelmintic.
This classification depends on the methods of their introduction into the body and on the places of distribution.
biohelminths
These are bovine and swine tapeworms, echtnococci, tapeworms and flukes. To fully overcome their life cycle, these parasites must switch different hosts. They can infect insects, mollusks, crustaceans, fish and humans, which eventually become helminth carriers.
Geohelminths
These parasites include:
- roundworms;
- Vlasoglava;
- Hookworms;
- Necators;
Such parasites do not need an intermediate host for normal development.
Contact
This group includes pinworms, from which people get sick with enterobiasis, and dwarf tapeworms, which are the cause of hymenolepiasis.
How can you get infected with worms?
- Biohelminths end up in a person due to the ingestion of insufficiently processed pork and beef.
- In lightly salted or raw fish, a large tapeworm or opisthorchis can nestle, since the waters of rivers and lakes are rich in parasite larvae that live in them. Often vacationers make fatal mistakes when drinking, washing dishes or vegetables with such water.
- Geohelminths, or rather their larvae, have been in the ground for some time, coming along with the feces of infected people and animals. The new owner is not long in coming. There are many people who do not wash their hands when they are outdoors or after working the land.
- Helminthiasis can join a perfectly healthy person after contact with an infected person, if there are a lot of dust particles with parasite eggs in the air, through dishes and household items.
Where do worms settle in humans?
Most adult worms often settle in the colon. Pinworms and whipworms also find refuge there. In the liver, clonorchis, oporchis, fasciola are often observed. They all belong to the flukes.
They cause irreparable damage to the biliary tract and liver, forming echinococcal cysts, from which the worms disperse after rupture.
common worms
The most common worms in humans are:
- Ascaris (cause ascariasis);
- Wide tapeworm (causes diphyllobothriasis);
- Pinworms (enterobiasis).
People suffering from the proximity of these parasites have hypovitaminosis, anemia and other ailments in the body.
- Ascariasis can occur in a person after eating dirty fruits and vegetables.
- Diphyllobothriasis falls ill from undercooked fish and caviar.
- Enterobiasis occurs after contact with infected people.
The development of worms in the acute phase lasts 15-65 days, the course of chronic worm infestation continues 35-65 days after the acute phase. By the presence of helminths in the organs, both organs and neighboring tissues are mechanically crushed and damaged.
The transition of helminthic invasion into a chronic form is fraught with a decrease in immunity, this leads to fungal, viral and bacterial diseases. Often, the helminthic invasion becomes the cause of cancer.
Signs of worms in an adult
Symptoms generally depend on which worm has invaded the body. For every helminth invasion, there are a few signs.
ascaridiasis
Ascaris infection is characterized by the following symptoms:
- Skin rashes;
- Nausea accompanied by abdominal pain;
- Decreased appetite
- Increased rates of eosonophiles.
Prolonged stay in the body of roundworms can lead to peritonitis, appendicitis and intestinal obstruction.
Diphyllobothriasis
This helminthic invasion is often accompanied by the following symptoms:
- Nausea;
- problems with stool;
- Isolation of parasitic fragments;
- Stomach ache;
- A strong loss of body weight.
Subsequently, people develop severe anemia due to a lack of protein, iron, and vitamin B.
Enterobiasis
This disease is accompanied by:
- Itching in the anus, which can often cause dermatitis;
- Abdominal pain of unknown origin;
If we consider the general symptoms of the Helminthic invasion, then it manifests itself as follows:
- There are, for no apparent reason, incomprehensible and itchy rashes;
- The places of localization of parasites swell;
- There is a cough with no signs of a cold, with attacks of suffocation;
- Concerns about fever
- Regional lymph nodes are enlarged;
- There is weakness, fatigue;
- Serious diseases occur: allergic myocarditis, meningoencephalitis, pneumonia, hepatitis;
- The lymph nodes are affected;
- There is blood in the urine;
- The stool is disturbed, there is swelling and blood impurity in the stool.
Treatment of worms in adults
It is necessary to treat worms in humans strictly under the supervision and control of the attending physician. This applies to both children and adults. The slightest deviation from the dosage of the drug can lead to serious consequences.
There are some medications for each type of parasite:
- Preparations containing mebendazole can neutralize and destroy trichocephalosis and enterobiasis.
- Medicines containing levomizole fight against hookworms, roundworms, nekator, toxoplasma, roundworms.
Folk remedies
It is possible to cure and neutralize worms in adults using traditional methods. The most effective are pumpkin seeds. There is nothing complicated in the recipe.
You need to take the following ingredients:
- 100 g of peeled pumpkin seeds;
- 100 g of water;
- 2 tbsp. honey;
All this must be thoroughly mixed and pounded into porridge. This mixture is consumed on an empty stomach at 1 tbsp. spoon every hour. After that, you need to do a cleansing enema with the addition of garlic and take a laxative.
In no case should you self-medicate. Your doctor will tell you how to effectively treat worms. He will also prescribe the correct dosage, the necessary diet, maintenance medications after the expulsion of the parasites. There is no need to panic and become hysterical. Better get together and defeat this evil as soon as possible.
Prophylaxis
To try and circumvent the Helminth invasion, it doesn't take much. It is enough to adhere to some tips and recommendations of parasitologists:
- Lead a healthy lifestyle.
- Use only clean water, single household items.
- Monitor the health of your pets by taking steps to prevent their helminth infestation.
- Eat pure food only.
- Carry out an accurate heat treatment of meat and fish.
- Take worm medications to prevent worms, especially if there are four-legged pets in the house.
- Try to use lightly salted fish and its caviar as rarely as possible, and it is better to exclude them from the diet altogether.